Chapter 11 – Vishwarupa Darshana Yoga (The Yoga of the Vision of the Universal Form) describes how Sri Krishna bestows spiritual vision upon Arjuna. He reveals His infinite and awe-inspiring form as the entire universe. This form can only be perceived through pure devotion (Bhakti).
11:1 arjuna uvāca
mad-anugrahāya paramaṁ guhyam adhyātma-saṁjñitam
yat tvayoktaṁ vacas tena moho’yaṁ vigato mama
Arjuna said:
“Out of Your infinite compassion, You have revealed to me the supreme secret of the Soul. By hearing Your words, all my delusions and doubts have vanished.”
11:2
bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṁ śrutau vistaraśo mayā
tvattaḥ kamala-pattrākṣa māhātmyam api cāvyayam
“O lotus-eyed One (Krishna), I have heard from You in detail about the creation, evolution, and dissolution of all beings, as well as Your inexhaustible glory.”
11:3
evam etad yathāttha tvam ātmānaṁ parameśvara
draṣṭum icchāmi te rūpam aiśvaraṁ puruṣottama
“O Supreme Lord, You are exactly as You have described Yourself. Yet, O Purushottama (Supreme Person), I yearn to see and witness Your Divine Form.”
11:4
manyase yadi tac chakyaṁ mayā draṣṭum iti prabho
yogeśvara tato me tvaṁ darśayātmānam avyayam
“O Krishna, if You think I am capable of witnessing it, O Lord of Yoga (Yogeshvara), please reveal Your imperishable Divine Self to me.”
Verse 11:5
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
paśya me pārtha rūpāṇi śataśo’tha sahastraśaḥ
nānā-vidhāni divyāni nānā-varṇākṛtīni
The Blessed Lord said:
“Behold, O Arjuna, My forms in the hundreds and thousands—manifold, divine, and of various colors and shapes.”
Verse 11:6 paśyādityān vasūn rudrān aśvinau marutas tathā bahūny adṛṣṭapūrvāṇi paśyāścaryāṇi bhārata
“Behold, O Arjuna (Bharata), within Me: the twelve Adityas (the solar deities), the eight Vasus (the elemental gods), the eleven Rudras (the destroyers of evil), the twin Ashvini-kumaras (the celestial physicians), and the forty-nine Maruts (the wind deities). Behold, O scion of Bharata, many wonders that have never been seen before.”
Verse 11:7 ihaika-sthaṁ jagat kṛtsnaṁ paśyādya sa-carācaram mama dehe guḍākeśa yac cānyad draṣṭum icchasi
“Behold today, O Gudakesha (Arjuna), the entire universe—including all moving and non-moving beings—gathered together in one place within My body. You may also see whatever else you desire to behold.”
Verse 11:8 (Penting)
na tu māṁ śakyase draṣṭum anenaiva sva-cakṣuṣā
divyaṁ dadāmi te cakṣuḥ paśya me yogam aiśvaram
“But you cannot see Me with these human eyes of yours. Therefore, I bestow upon you divine sight (divya-cakshu) so that you may behold My sovereign Yoga.”
11:9 sañjaya uvāca evam uktvā tato rājan mahā-yogeśvaro hariḥ darśayām āsa pārthāya paramaṁ rūpam aiśvaram
Sanjaya said: “O King, having spoken thus, the great Lord of Yoga, Hari (Krishna), revealed His supreme divine form to Arjuna.”
11:10-11 aneka-vaktra-nayanam anekādbhuta-darśanam aneka-divyābharaṇaṁ divyānekodyatāyudham divya-mālyāmbaradharaṁ divya-gandhānulepanam sarvāścarya-mayaṁ devam anantaṁ viśvato-mukham
“With countless mouths and eyes, many wondrous sights, many divine ornaments, and manifold divine weapons uplifted. Wearing divine garlands and apparel, anointed with celestial perfumes, all-wonderful, resplendent, boundless, and facing everywhere.”
11:12 (The Splendor of a Thousand Suns) divi sūrya-sahasrasya bhaved yugapad utthitā yadi bhāḥ sadṛśī sā syād bhāsas tasya mahātmanaḥ
“If the light of a thousand suns were to blaze forth all at once in the sky, that might resemble the splendor of that exalted Being.”
11:13 tatraika-sthaṁ jagat kṛtsnaṁ pravibhaktam anekadhā apaśyad deva-devasya śarīre pāṇḍavas tadā
“There, in the body of the God of gods, Arjuna beheld the entire universe with its many divisions, all gathered together in one place.”
11:14 tataḥ sa vismayāviṣṭo hṛṣṭa-romā dhanañjayaḥ praṇamya śirasā devaṁ kṛtāñjalir abhāṣata
“Then, overwhelmed with wonder, his hair standing on end, Arjuna bowed his head before the Lord and, with folded hands, began to speak.”
Verse 11:15 arjuna uvāca paśyāmi devāṁs tava deva dehe sarvāṁs tathā bhūta-viśeṣa-saṅghān brahmāṇam īśaṁ kamalāsana-stham ṛṣīṁś ca sarvān uragāṁś ca divyān
Arjuna said: “O Lord, I see all the gods in Your body, and diverse hosts of beings; Brahma, the Creator, seated on His lotus throne, and all the seers and celestial serpents.”
Verse 11:16 aneka-bāhūdara-vaktra-netraṁ paśyāmi tvāṁ sarvato ’nanta-rūpam nāntaṁ na madhyaṁ na punas tavādiṁ paśyāmi viśveśvara viśva-rūpa
“I see You with infinite forms on every side, with countless arms, stomachs, mouths, and eyes. O Lord of the Universe, O Universal Form, I see no end, no middle, and no beginning to You.”
Verse 11:17 kirīṭinaṁ gadhinaṁ cakriṇaṁ ca tejo-rāśiṁ sarvato dīptimantam paśyāmi tvāṁ durnirīkṣyaṁ samantād dīptānalārka-dyutim aprameyam
“I see You wearing a crown, bearing a mace and a discus; a mass of radiance blazing everywhere, hard to look upon, dazzling like the fire and the sun, immeasurable.”
Verse 11:18 tvam akṣaraṁ paramaṁ veditavyaṁ tvam asya viśvasya paraṁ nidhānam tvam avyayaḥ śāśvata-dharma-goptā sanātanas tvaṁ puruṣo mato me
“You are the Imperishable, the Supreme Being to be realized. You are the ultimate refuge of this universe. You are the eternal guardian of the Everlasting Dharma. I believe You are the Primeval Person.”
Verse 11:19 anādi-madhyāntam ananta-vīryam ananta-bāhuṁ śaśi-sūrya-netram paśyāmi tvāṁ dīpta-hutāśa-vaktraṁ sva-tejasā viśvam idaṁ tapantam
“I see You without beginning, middle, or end, of infinite power, with manifold arms, with the sun and moon as Your eyes, and Your mouth as a blazing fire, heating the entire universe with Your radiance.”
Verse 11:20 dyāv-āpṛthivyor idam antaraṁ hi vyāptaṁ tvayaikena diśaś ca sarvāḥ dṛṣṭvādbhutaṁ rūpam ugraṁ tavedaṁ loka-trayaṁ pravyathitaṁ mahātman
“The space between heaven and earth and all the quarters are filled by You alone. Having seen this, Your wondrous and terrible form, the three worlds are trembling with fear, O Great Soul.”
11:21 amī hi tvāṁ sura-saṅghā viśanti kecid bhītāḥ prāñjalayo gṛṇanti svastīty uktvā maharṣi-siddha-saṅghāḥ stuvanti tvāṁ stutibhiḥ puṣkalābhiḥ
“Hosts of celestial beings and angels from all quarters enter into You; some in fear, with joined palms, offer prayers and praises. Multitudes of Maharishis and Siddhas—those who have attained perfection—chanting ‘Peace be unto the universe,’ adore You with sublime and magnificent hymns.”
11:22 rudrādityā vasavo ye ca sādhyā viśve’śvinau marutaś coṣmapāś ca gandharva-yakṣāsura-siddha-saṅghā vīkṣante tvāṁ vismitāś caiva sarve
“The Rudras, Adityas, Vasus, Sadhyas, Vishvadevas, the twin Ashvinis, the Maruts, and the Ushmapas or the spirits of the ancestors; also the hosts of Gandharvas, Yakshas, Asuras, and Siddhas—all are beholding You with utter amazement!”
11:23 rūpaṁ mahat te bahu-vaktra-netraṁ mahā-bāho bahu-bāhūru-pādam bahūdaraṁ bahu-daṁṣṭrā-karālaṁ dṛṣṭvā lokāḥ pravyathitās tathāham
“O Mighty-armed One, seeing Your colossal form with its countless mouths, eyes, arms, thighs, feet, and stomachs, and Your fearsome teeth and tusks—the entire universe is trembling with fear, and so am I.”
11:24 nabhaḥ-spṛśaṁ dīptam aneka-varṇaṁ vyāttānanaṁ dīpta-viśāla-netram dṛṣṭvā hi tvāṁ pravyathitāntar-ātmā dhṛtiṁ na vindāmi śamaṁ ca viṣṇo
“Seeing You touching the sky, blazing with many colors, with mouths wide open and large glowing eyes, my inner self is overwhelmed with dread. O Vishnu, I find neither courage nor peace of mind.”
11:25 daṁṣṭrā-karālāni ca te mukhāni dṛṣṭvaiva kālānala-sannibhāni diśo na jāne na labhe ca śarma prasīda deveśa jagan-nivāsa
“Having seen Your mouths, fearful with tusks, blazing like the fire of cosmic dissolution (Kalanala), I have lost my sense of direction and find no comfort. Have mercy, O Lord of gods, O Abode of the Universe!”
11:26-27 amī ca tvāṁ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putrāḥ sarve sahaivāvani-pāla-saṅghaiḥ bhīṣmo droṇaḥ sūta-putras tathāsau sahāsmadīyair api yodha-mukhyaiḥ vaktrāṇi te tvaramāṇā viśanti daṁṣṭrā-karālāni bhayānakāni kecid vilagnā daśanāntareṣu sandṛśyante cūrṇitair uttamāṅgaiḥ
“All the sons of Dhritarashtra, along with the hosts of kings, Bhishma, Drona, and Karna—the son of a charioteer—as well as the chief warriors from our side, are all rushing headlong into Your fearful mouths, terrible with tusks. Some are seen caught between Your teeth, their heads crushed to powder.”
11:28 (Analogy of the Rivers) yathā nadīnāṁ bahavo ’mbu-vegāḥ samudram evābhimukhā dravanti tathā tavāmī nara-loka-vīrā viśanti vaktrāṇy abhivijvalanti
“As many torrents of rivers rush towards the ocean, so do these heroes of the world enter Your flaming mouths from all sides.”
11:29 yathā pradīptaṁ jvalanaṁ pataṅgā viśanti nāśāya samṛddha-vegāḥ tathaiva nāśāya viśanti lokās tavāpi vaktrāṇi samṛddha-vegāḥ
“As moths rush with great speed into a blazing fire to their own destruction, so do these worlds rush with great speed into Your mouths to perish.”
11:30 lelihyase grasamānaḥ samantāl lokān samagrān vadanair jvaladbhiḥ tejobhir āpūrya jagat samagraṁ bhāsas tavogrāḥ pratapanti viṣṇo
“Devouring all the worlds from every side with Your flaming mouths, You are licking Your lips. Your fierce rays, O Vishnu, fill the whole universe with radiance and scorch it with heat.”
11:31 ākhyāhi me ko bhavān ugra-rūpo namo ’stu te deva-vara prasīda vijñātum icchāmi bhavantam ādyaṁ na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim
“Tell me, who are You in this fierce form? Salutations to You, O Supreme God; have mercy! I desire to know You, the Primal One, for I do not understand Your purpose.”
11:32 (The Definition of Time) śrī-bhagavān uvāca kālo ’smi loka-kṣaya-kṛt pravṛddho lokān samāhartum iha pravṛttaḥ ṛte ’pi tvāṁ na bhaviṣyanti sarve ye ’vasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ
The Blessed Lord said: “I am mighty Time (Kala), the source of destruction that comes forth to annihilate the worlds. Even without your participation, none of the warriors arrayed here in the opposing armies shall escape death.”
11:33 (The Concept of Nimitta-matram) tasmāt tvam uttiṣṭha yaśo labhasva jitvā śatrūn bhuṅkṣva rājyaṁ samṛddham mayaivaite nihatāḥ pūrvam eva nimitta-mātraṁ bhava savya-sācin
“Therefore, arise! Win glory, conquer your enemies, and enjoy a prosperous kingdom. These warriors have already been slain by Me; you are but an instrument (Nimitta-matram), O Arjuna.”
11:34 droṇaṁ ca bhīṣmaṁ ca jayadrathaṁ ca karṇaṁ tathānyān api yodha-vīrān mayā hatāṁs tvaṁ jahi mā vyathiṣṭhā yudhyasva jetāsi raṇe sapatnān
“Slay Drona, Bhishma, Jayadratha, Karna, and the other brave warriors who have already been slain by Me. Do not be distressed; fight, and you shall conquer your enemies in battle.”
11:35 sañjaya uvāca etac chrutvā vacanaṁ keśavasya kṛtāñjalir vepamānaḥ kirīṭī namaskṛtvā bhūya evāha kṛṣṇaṁ sa-gadgadaṁ bhīta-bhītaḥ praṇamya
“Sanjaya said: Having heard these words of Keshava, the crowned one (Arjuna), trembling and with folded hands, offered his salutations again. Prostrating himself in extreme fear, he addressed Krishna with a faltering voice.”
11:36 arjuna uvāca sthāne hṛṣīkeśa tava prakīrtyā jagat prahṛṣyaty anurajyate ca rakṣāṁsi bhītāni diśo dravanti sarve namasyanti ca siddha-saṅghāḥ
“Arjuna said: O Hrishikesha, it is only right that the world rejoices and is filled with love by chanting Your glories. The demons, terrified, are fleeing in all directions, while all the hosts of Siddhas (perfected beings) bow down before You in adoration.”
11:37
kasmāc ca te na nameran mahātman garīyase brahmaṇo ’py ādi-kartre
ananta deveśa jagan-nivāsa tvam akṣaraṁ sad-asat tat paraṁ yat
“And why should they not bow down to You, O Great Soul? You are the original Creator, even greater than Brahma himself. O Infinite One, O Lord of gods, O Abode of the Universe! You are the Imperishable, being and non-being, and that which is beyond both.”
11:38
tvam ādi-devaḥ puruṣaḥ purāṇas tvam asya viśvasya paraṁ nidhānam
vettāsi vedyaṁ ca paraṁ ca dhāma tvayā tataṁ viśvam ananta-rūpa
“You are the Primal God, the Ancient Person, the ultimate refuge of this entire universe. You are the Knower, the object of knowledge, and the supreme abode. O One of infinite forms, the whole universe is pervaded by You!”
11:39
vāyur yamo ’gnir varuṇaḥ śaśāṅkaḥ prajāpatis tvaṁ prapitāmahaś ca
namo namas te ’stu sahasra-kṛtvaḥ punaś ca bhūyo ’pi namo namas te
“You are Vayu (Wind), Yama (Death), Agni (Fire), Varuna (Water), and the Moon. You are Brahma, the progenitor of all beings, and the Great-Grandfather. Salutations, salutations to You a thousand times, and again and again, salutations, salutations to You!”
11:40
namas purastād atha pṛṣṭhatas te namo ’stu te sarvata eva sarva
ananta-vīryāmita-vikramas tvaṁ sarvaṁ samāpnoṣi tato ’si sarvaḥ
“Salutations to You from the front and from behind! Salutations to You from every side, O All-pervading One! You possess infinite power and boundless might. You pervade everything, and therefore, You are everything.”
11:41-42
sakheti matvā prasabhaṁ yad uktaṁ he kṛṣṇa he yādava he sakheti
ajānatā mahimānaṁ tavedaṁ mayā pramādāt praṇayena vāpi
yac cāvahāsārtham asat-kṛto ’si vihāra-śayyāsana-bhojaneṣu
eko ’thavāpy acyuta tat-samakṣaṁ tat kṣāmaye tvām aham aprameyam
“Whatever I have rashly said, thinking of You only as a friend—addressing You as ‘O Krishna,’ ‘O Yadava,’ ‘O Friend’—being ignorant of Your true majesty, either through negligence or affection; and in whatever way I may have insulted You in jest, while playing, resting, sitting, or at meals, whether alone or in the presence of others—O Infallible One, I implore You, the Immeasurable, to forgive me.”
11:43
pitāsi lokasya carācarasya tvam asya pūjyaś ca gurur garīyān
na tvat-samo ’sty abhyadhikaḥ kuto ’nyo loka-traye ’py apratima-prabhāva
“You are the Father of this world, of all that moves and does not move. You are the most adorable and the supreme Teacher. There is none equal to You in all the three worlds; how then could there be any greater, O One of incomparable power?”
11:44
tasmāt praṇamya praṇidhāya kāyaṁ prasādaye tvām aham īśam īḍyam
piteva putrasya sakheva sakhyuḥ priyaḥ priyāyārhasi deva soḍhum
“Therefore, prostrating my body before You in adoration, I seek Your grace, O Adorable Lord! As a father forgives his son, a friend his friend, or a lover his beloved, so should You, O God, bear with me.”
11:45
adṛṣṭa-pūrvaṁ hṛṣito ’smi dṛṣṭvā bhayena ca pravyathitaṁ mano me
tad eva me darśaya deva rūpaṁ prasīda deveśa jagan-nivāsa
“I am overjoyed to have seen what has never been seen before; yet my mind is distracted by fear. Therefore, O God, reveal to me that other (human) form; have mercy, O Lord of gods, O Abode of the Universe!”
11:46
kirīṭinaṁ gadhinaṁ cakra-hastam icchāmi tvāṁ draṣṭum ahaṁ tathaiva
tenaiva rūpeṇa catur-bhujena sahasra-bāho bhava viśva-mūrte
“I wish to see You as before, wearing a crown and bearing a mace and a discus in Your hands. O Thousand-armed One, O Universal Form, appear again in Your four-armed shape.”
11:47
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
mayā prasannena tavārjunedaṁ rūpaṁ paraṁ darśitam ātma-yogāt
tejo-mayaṁ viśvam anantam ādyaṁ yan me tvad-anyena na dṛṣṭa-pūrvam
“The Blessed Lord said: O Arjuna, being pleased with you, I have shown you through My own Yoga-power this supreme, resplendent, universal, infinite, and primal form, which has never been seen before by anyone other than you.”
11:48
na veda-yajñādhyayanair na dānair na ca kriyābhir na tapobhir ugraiḥ
evaṁ-rūpaḥ śakya ahaṁ nṛ-loke draṣṭuṁ tvad-anyena kuru-pravīra
“Neither by the study of the Vedas and sacrifices, nor by gifts, nor by rituals, nor by severe penances, can I be seen in this form in the world of men by anyone other than you, O great hero of the Kurus.”
11:49
mā te vyathā mā ca vimūḍha-bhāvo dṛṣṭvā rūpaṁ ghoram īdṛṅ mamedam
vyapeta-bhīḥ prīta-manāḥ punas tvaṁ tad eva me rūpam idaṁ prapasya
“Be not afraid, nor be bewildered by seeing this terrible form of Mine. Free from fear and with a gladdened heart, behold again My former (human) form.”
11:50
sañjaya uvāca
ity arjunaṁ vāsudevas tathoktvā svakaṁ rūpaṁ darśayām āsa bhūyaḥ
āśvāsayām āsa ca bhītam enaṁ bhūtvā punaḥ saumya-vapur mahātmā
“Sanjaya said: Having spoken thus to Arjuna, Vasudeva (Krishna) revealed His own (human) form again; and the Great Soul, assuming His gentle appearance, consoled the terrified Arjuna.”
11:51
arjuna uvāca
dṛṣṭvedaṁ mānuṣaṁ rūpaṁ tava saumyaṁ janārdana
idānīm asmi saṁvṛttaḥ sa-cetāḥ prakṛtiṁ gataḥ
“Arjuna said: O Janardana, seeing Your gentle human form, I have now regained my composure and am restored to my normal self.”
11:52
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
su-durdarśam idaṁ rūpaṁ dṛṣṭavān asi yan mama
devā apy asya rūpasya nityaṁ darśana-kāṅkṣiṇaḥ
“The Blessed Lord said: This form of Mine which you have seen is very difficult to behold. Even the gods are constantly longing for a vision of this form.”
11:53
nāhaṁ vedair na tapasā na dānena na cejyayā
śakya evaṁ-vidho draṣṭuṁ dṛṣṭavān asi māṁ yathā
“Neither by the Vedas, nor by penance, nor by charity, nor by sacrifice can I be seen in the form in which you have seen Me.”
11:54
bhaktyā tv ananyayā śakya aham evaṁ-vidho ’rjuna
jñātuṁ draṣṭum ca tattvena praveṣṭuṁ ca parantapa
“But by unswerving devotion alone, O Arjuna, can I be known, seen in My true essence, and entered into.”
11:55
mat-karma-kṛn mat-paramo mad-bhaktaḥ saṅga-varjitaḥ
nirvairaḥ sarva-bhūteṣu yaḥ sa mām eti pāṇḍava
“One who performs all actions for My sake, who regards Me as the Supreme Goal, who is devoted to Me, free from attachment, and without enmity toward any living being—that person certainly comes to Me, O Arjuna.”
“May all beings be well, may all beings be at peace, may all beings attain perfection, and may all beings experience divine glory.”
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